Calculate bending moment, shear force, and maximum deflection for uniformly loaded beams.
The elastic modulus (Young's modulus) measures a material's stiffness. Steel is typically 200 GPa, aluminum about 69 GPa.
The moment of inertia (I) measures the beam cross-section's resistance to bending. Larger I means less deflection.
A common rule is L/360 for floor beams and L/240 for roof beams, where L is the span length.