Calculate density from mass and volume.
To calculate density:
The calculator returns density in g/cm³, kg/m³, and specific gravity (relative to water at 4 °C).
Density formulas:
Density = Mass ÷ VolumeSpecific Gravity = Density of substance ÷ Density of water (1.0 g/cm³)1 g/cm³ = 1000 kg/m³Example: 1000 g of a substance occupies 1000 cm³.
1000 ÷ 1000 = 1.0 g/cm³1.0 ÷ 1.0 = 1.0 (same as water)Specific gravity is a dimensionless ratio comparing a substance's density to the density of water (1.0 g/cm³ at 4 °C). It tells you whether something floats (SG < 1) or sinks (SG > 1) in water, without needing units.
Multiply g/cm³ by 1000 to get kg/m³. For lb/ft³, multiply g/cm³ by 62.43. For example, iron at 7.87 g/cm³ = 7870 kg/m³ = 491.3 lb/ft³.